Research
Traditional Research
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Action Research
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Traditional research is defined as experimental or quantitative research that using very systematic processes that demand standard scientific methodologies (Mark & Rapoport, 2013). I conducted a traditional research during I was studying in ETEC 643, please read my ETEC 643 reflection below.
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Action research is defined as any systematic inquiry conducted (Merttler, 2014) by teachers, administrators, counselors, or others with a vested interest in the teaching and learning process or environment for the purpose of gathering information about how their particular schools operate, how they teach, and how their students learn. I conducted an action research during I was studying in ETEC 543 class, please read my ETEC 543 reflection below.
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Traditional Research
In ETEC 643 class, I have learnt how to do a developed a traditional research. For example, I used Mixed-Method to run my own project about how to improve students’ grades in Trigonometric Function class. I used teacher interview to collect qualitative data, and I got students’ grade directly. For analysis part, I used t-Test to analyze quantitative data and I used coding scheme to analyze my quantitative data. Moreover, the most useful knowledge I have learnt in ETEC 643 class is how to analyze data by different ways.
Traditional research
(Image by Advanced Market Research, 2012)
There is the process to run an educational research:
Traditional research
(Image by Advanced Market Research, 2012)
There is the process to run an educational research:
1. Identifying and raising research question( could be quantitative, qualitative or mixed).
-Research problem could be divided to 2 major parts: background information, propose of doing research. First of all, background information must be given because it could help all readers understand the propose of research project better. Secondly, the propose is really important part that could interpret the result the research expected.
-There are two kinds of research question: quantitative question and qualitative question.
-Making a null-hypnosis theory against your research topic.
2&3. Method ( quantitative, qualitative or mixed) and Collecting data.
-Choice of research method is a very important process following developing research question process. There are two fundamental research method: quantitative research methodologies and qualitative research method.
- Researchers are required to consider what kind of the sample group will be chosen, and then determine that the kind of data will be collected.
- After making decision of participants' group, choosing the proper instrument to collect data is very important. Normally, test, questionnaire, checklist are used to collect quantitative data, and interview, observation are used to collect qualitative data.
4. Analyzing data and getting result.
-When getting data, the analysis process will begin. Different kinds of data required the research to use different analysis methods.
- The researcher should review all processes of the research project, and find the limitation from each section.
5. Making conclusion and sharing what you have learnt.
- At last, the researcher needs to make conclusion of the research project according the finding and research topic.
There is my traditional research project that I did in ETEC 643 class below:
-Research problem could be divided to 2 major parts: background information, propose of doing research. First of all, background information must be given because it could help all readers understand the propose of research project better. Secondly, the propose is really important part that could interpret the result the research expected.
-There are two kinds of research question: quantitative question and qualitative question.
- Quantitative question is the question could be answered by number, percentage or Yes/No.
- Qualitative question usually is open-ended question because it always could be answered according participant’s perspective or experiences.
-Making a null-hypnosis theory against your research topic.
2&3. Method ( quantitative, qualitative or mixed) and Collecting data.
-Choice of research method is a very important process following developing research question process. There are two fundamental research method: quantitative research methodologies and qualitative research method.
- Researchers are required to consider what kind of the sample group will be chosen, and then determine that the kind of data will be collected.
- After making decision of participants' group, choosing the proper instrument to collect data is very important. Normally, test, questionnaire, checklist are used to collect quantitative data, and interview, observation are used to collect qualitative data.
4. Analyzing data and getting result.
-When getting data, the analysis process will begin. Different kinds of data required the research to use different analysis methods.
- Quantitative research method requires the collection of numerical data and utilize descriptive analysis to get result, such as mean, media, mode, standard deviation, century tendency, frequency.
- qualitative research method requires the collection of narrative data and utilize the inductive analysis method to get result, such as phenomenon, case studies. Moreover, coding scheme always be used to analyze qualitative data.
- The researcher should review all processes of the research project, and find the limitation from each section.
5. Making conclusion and sharing what you have learnt.
- At last, the researcher needs to make conclusion of the research project according the finding and research topic.
There is my traditional research project that I did in ETEC 643 class below:
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Action Research
Action Research
(Mertler, 2014, p. 61) |
In ETEC 543 class, I have learnt much knowledge about action research, such as planning for action research, analyzing data and writing an action research report. Planning for action research is an important process in action research, a good action research plan should be firm because the researcher must control all of action research’s alternating quantity, only by this way, the action research plan can be rigorous.
Analyzing action research data also is an important process in action research. There are two parts of analyzing data. The first one is analyzing qualitative data, coding scheme is a significant way to analyze qualitative data. The second one is analyzing quantitative data, Measures of central tendency, dispersion and relationship are excellent methods for analyzing quantitative data. Writing an action research report should pay attention to titles of reports, tense and consistency. In conclusion, action research is very useful, I found that I could use action research method at many field, such as designing a constructional plan. I also learnt that if I wanted to do a research, I had to be strict because I should control every alternating quantity. |
According to Mertler (2014), there is the process of running an action research:
1. Planning
1. Planning
- Identifying and limiting the Topic
- Gathering Information
- Reviewing the Related literature
- Developing a Research Plan
- Implementing the Plan and Collecting Data
- Analyzing the Data
- Developing an Action Plan
- Sharing and Communicating the Results
- Reflecting on the Process
etec543_final_proposal-3_edited_.docx |
References
Mertler, C. (2014). Action research: Improving schools and empowering educators (4th ed., pp. 15-68). Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications.
Polkinghorne, D. (1999). Traditional research and psychotherapy practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(12), 1429.
Mak, V. , & Rapoport, A. (2013). The price of anarchy in social dilemmas: Traditional research paradigms and new network applications. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 120(2), 142.
Advanced Market Research, 2012. Capable of providing quality Quantitative, Qualitative and Desk research. Retrieved from
http://www.advancemarketresearch.com/Traditional%20Research%20of%20ADVANCE%20market%20research%20in%20MENA%20.html
Polkinghorne, D. (1999). Traditional research and psychotherapy practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(12), 1429.
Mak, V. , & Rapoport, A. (2013). The price of anarchy in social dilemmas: Traditional research paradigms and new network applications. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 120(2), 142.
Advanced Market Research, 2012. Capable of providing quality Quantitative, Qualitative and Desk research. Retrieved from
http://www.advancemarketresearch.com/Traditional%20Research%20of%20ADVANCE%20market%20research%20in%20MENA%20.html